Introduction to Biology

                                   1.. Introduction

Biology- Branch of science in which living beings are studied.

Bios=Life & Logos= Study. Therefore study of life is called is Biology. The term biology was first coined by Lamarck and Treviranus in the year 1801. Biology has two main branches:-

1.     Botany: Study of different aspects of plants. Theophrastus is father of Botany.

2.     Zoology: Study of various aspects of animals. Aristotle is father of Zoology as well as Biology.

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Important Terms of Biology:

1.     Anatomy: Study of internal structure of organism.

2.     Agrology: Soil science dealing specially with production of crop.

3.     Agronomy: Science of soil management and production of crop.

4.     Anthology: Study of flower and flowering plant.

5.     Biometrics: Study of Biological problem.

                                                Fig: Branches of Biology

           

                                            2..What is Living

·        The world living can’t be defined.

·        Living organism mostly uses of solar energy.

·        There are certain characters by which living can be distinguish from non living.

1.     Growth: Increase in the number of cell or mass is called growth.

2.     Reproduction: Living organism produce young ones of their same kind.

3.     Metabolism: Chemical reaction occurring inside a living cell.

4.     Response of stimuli: Living have the ability to sense the condition of their surroundings and response of these stimuli.

When we touch leaves of “Touch me not” plant they close, these movements are called sesmonastic movement.

                                           Fig: Living v/s Non-living things

                                                                Fig: Living Characteristics